Sucesso na carreira para estudantes e profissionais da psicologia e suas relações com o modelo de adaptação da construção da carreira

Abstract

Changes in the labour market have shaped a change in the direction attributed to the career, which increasingly depends on the individual himself. In this scenario, it is necessary to develop specific skills to adapt. The Career Construction Model of Adaptation is a viable and appropriate way to understand and assist individuals in career transitions. In the practice of career counseling, the demand of clients for career success is increasing. Theoretically, the term career success contains multiple meanings and is influenced by the historical and cultural context, the career development phase and the socioeconomic level of individuals. In addition, it can be understood and evaluated considering the objective aspects of success such as sallary, promotion and occupational status. There are also subjective aspects such as satisfaction and recognition. The general objective of this thesis was to investigate the meanings of career success for students and psychology professionals, as well as to analyze the relationships of the evaluation of the success of this audience with variables of the Career Construction Model of Adaptation. To reach it, the thesis was organized into four studies. The first one, entitled “Career success and its dimensions: Narrative literature review”, theoretical, aimed at describe and understand how the construct of career success has been defined and operationalized over time. The results indicated a growing complexity of career success models over over the period analyzed, as well as greater emphasis on the subjective aspects of the construct, favoring qualitative methodologies. The second study, entitled “Transversal and Professional Skills Self-Efficcacy Scale: Cultural Adaptation and Evidence of Validity”, with an empirical and quantitative approach, aimed at adapting the Transversal and Professional Skills Self-Efficcacy Scale (TPS-SE) to the Brazilian context. The three factor structure found in the original scale was contemplated, although the one-factor solution presented better adjustment ratios. In addition, theoretical and practical construct contributions to career counseling and development were discussed. The third study, entitled “Career Success Meanings for Psychology Students and Professionals in Brazil”, had an empirical and qualitative approach. Its objective was to analyze how career success is understood by students and professionals of psychology from an emic perspective. The results were supported by the available literature on the subject, and highlighted the need to consider aspects related to satisfaction and professional behavior when addressing the theme of career success with professionals and students of psychology, as well as relativizing financial success as an unquestionable indicator of career success for this profession. The fourth study, entitled “Career Construction Model of Adaptation and Success in Psychology Students and Professionals”, aimed at analyzing the relationship between the career success assessment of psychology students and professionals with variables of the Career Construction Model of Adaptation (CCMA). Thus, Self Reflection and Insight were used as measures of adaptivity; Career Adaptability was used as a measure of adaptability; Self efficacy in Transversal and Professional Skills as a measure of Adapting; and Career Commitment and Career Success as measures of adaptation. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis, bivariate correlations, mean comparison tests between groups, path analysis and network analysis. In general, the structure proposed by the CCMA was contemplated, and Career Success presented as significant predictors Career Commitment, Career Adaptability, Age and Remunerated Work. Contrary to expectations, the variables Self-reflection and Insight and Self-efficacy in Transversal and Professional Skills did not have predictive relationships for Career Success. Implications for theory and practice of career counseling are discussed.