Biomarcadores sanguíneos ligados ao metabolismo e ao estresse em Salvator merianae: uma relação com o uso de agrotóxicos

Abstract

The use of pesticides began to be widespread in the 60s, originated in the Green Revolution. However, we didin’t know about the consequences of this long-term. When applied, the pesticide residues influenced non-target animals, infiltrating the soil and contaminating the water. As a consequence, agrochemicals are bioaccumulating and/or impact not-taget organisms causing biochemical and physiological damage before visible morphological changes. When it’s about ecotoxicity, the reptiles are the least studied animals and are currently in global decline, mainly due to a degradation of the habitat to which it is by anthropic action. The Salvator Merianae lizard has a wide distribution in South America and is found frequently in agricultural cultivation areas, beside to the reproductive period coinciding with the application of the pesticide in the culture os spring, summer. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to compare possible to change the biochemical and physiological parameters of S. merianae in an area exposed to agrochemicals and to a reference area in blood biomarkers album (ALB), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (FAL), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), serum glucose (GLI), total proteins (Pt), uric acid (AU), triglycerides (TGL), VLDL and corticosterone (COR), TBARS, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). For that, blood samples were collected from 28 lizards of the species S. merianae at the Experimental Agronomic Station of UFRGS in 2019 and 2020 in outside of hibernation periods. Plasma was used to quantify the markers for liver damage, the intermediate and endocrine metabolism were performed using kits from BioTécnica and the analyzes of oxidative stress in erythrocytes through spectrophotometer standardized to lizards in our laboratory. The results differed significantly for young lizards in the levels of TBARS, GST, TGL, VLDL, AU; about the female differed in SOD and PT and males in SOD, CAT and GST. The results of liver damage and corticosterone levels were not significant for any categories (juvenile, children and male). Thus, it is concluded that the contact with agrochemicals is causing a harmful effect on S. merianae, mainly when treating juveniles, it’s can cause negative consequences for the next interviews may lead to na impacto n this population. Besides that, this set of results allows us to suggest the use of these markers to monitor the health of these animals in the long term