Avaliação da ingestão alimentar e a suplementação de cálcio em mulheres no climatério e pós-menopausa

Abstract

Introduction : In menopause occur a loss of bone mass sharper that is due to several factors, among them, low dietary intake of calcium. Proper nutrition is vital to preserve bone health and thus prevent falls and fractures. Objective : Evaluate food intake and calcium supplementation in women during the menopause and postmenopause. Methods : Cross-sectional study involving women during the climacteric and postmenopausal users of climacteric and menopause clinic of the Hospital São Lucas da PUC in Porto Alegre, Brazil. A structured questionnaire was applied with socioeconomic, anthropometric and health data. To assess dietary intake, we used the 24-hour food recall (R24) and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). For the analysis we used the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallys (post hoc Dunn). The significance level was 5%. Results : The sample consisted of 63 women aged 55.7 ± 7.2 years, where 49.2% are in group 50 to 59 years. Mean BMI was 29.6 ± 5.8 kg / m². Menopause was present in 74.6%. The use of calcium supplements, with or without vitamin D has occurred in 25.4% of the sample. The average intake was higher in the group of women who consumed skimmed over those who did not (900.6 ± 245.4 mg and 587.5 ± 352.7 mg, p <0.001), semi skimmed milk (847 , 8 mg ± 459.8 and 618.3 ± 315.3 mg, p <0.05), yogurt (766.9 ± 377.2 mg and 566.7 ± 308.9 mg, p <0.05) mines and cheese (839.1 ± 354.3 mg and 537.7 ± 302.0 mg, p <0.001). There was no difference in the daily intake of calcium and age. Conclusion : Women consuming skimmed milk, semi skimmed milk, yogurt and cheese mines ingest more calcium daily than those who do not use. However, both groups ingest insufficient quantity of calcium recommended by Dietary Reference Intakes.