O campo das manifestações populares : um estudo do movimento dos caminhoneiros

Abstract

The present thesis problematizes the field of popular demonstrations that emerged in the present 21st century, with an emphasis on the study of the movement of truckers in May 2018. It is understood that the strike of truckers is a powerful motto of study, considering that the different spheres social - Civil Society, State and Market - were present in the strike and felt the resulting effects. Therefore, analyzing the determinants and repercussions that Brazilian society felt with popular urban manifestations, especially truck drivers, will help to identify the resulting political, economic and social implications. The process of questioning the object of study is based on the dialectical-critical method, both by the author's theoretical option and by the particularity of the investigation that presupposes the intrinsic contradiction between Civil Society, State and Market; in addition to apprehending the multiple aspects of reality that transcend fragmentary analyzes and making historical mediations about the objective, in order to overcome superficial assessments. This is an exploratory quantitative and qualitative research, in which the data collection is based on documentary and bibliographic sources of national and international origin, with the year 2018 as a time interval. The recent cycles of revolts and popular manifestations have reached far away, the world has followed insurgencies of all orders, from those struggling to break dictatorships, to those seeking to maintain their democracies. Nevertheless, the manifestations of global protests were interconnected to a certain extent, since the background that involved them dealt with the preservation of human life. Even though, reactionary and anti-democratic movements threatened to lose space, through violence and the spread of hatred, seek to stay alive and struggle to impose their ideologies. This is undoubtedly in a context of societal transformations assumed by contemporary capitalism, devastating social and work relations, associated with a neoliberal rationality that cuts across all areas of people's lives in society. In this sense, studying how contemporary social movements defined in academic literature as the newest social movements are constituted, organized and operate today is fundamental to apprehend the changes generated by them. Finally, this study sought to highlight the historical and contemporary importance of popular manifestations, considering that they are responsible for important social changes, both in the political and economic structures, as well as in the expressions and demands of the social group of each time. The State and the Market must be instigated to intervene the economic prevalence by the social one, and answer for motivations and interests that are not exactly theirs, but above all of those who live under the umbrella of the determinations of these social institutions, in the name of their own civil society.