Resposta ovariana de pacientes com e sem neoplasias submetidas à vitrificação de oócitos para preservação da fertilidade

Abstract

The possibility of conceiving is still limited, despite all scientific and technological development. Aging and malignant diseases are the main motivations for fertility preservation. Outcomes data in cancer patients are scarce and it is estimated that the number of mature frozen oocytes is lower in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the ovarian response to oocyte cryopreservation in 367 patients with and without neoplasms by analyzing data from a reproductive medicine center in Porto Alegre – RS / Brazil from 2009 to 2018. Observational, cross-sectional and historical study, which included all patients with complete medical records and then subdivided into Neoplasia Group and Elective Group. The comparison between the groups showed a significant difference in relation of age (31.3 ± 5.8 vs. 37.0 ± 2.9 years; p <0.01); and basal values of Follicle Stimulating Hormone, FSH (4.0 [3.3 - 6.2] vs. 9.0 (5.4 - 9.9) mUI/mL; p <0.01). There was no difference between groups regarding the main characteristics of ovarian stimulation. The Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol was the most used for both groups (80%). Breast cancer was the most frequent in the Neoplasia Group (67%). After adjusting the variables for age, FSH and GnRH protocol, there was no significant difference in the number of vitrified mature oocytes between the two groups (6.0 [3.0-11.0] vs. 7.0 [3.0-12.0]; p=0.11). The ovarian response for oocyte cryopreservation was similar between patients with and without cancer. These results contribute to the improvement of the technique and to strengthen the counseling for fertility preservation.