Desafios ao psicanalista contemporâneo : empreendedorismo e produção de conhecimento em psicanálise

Abstract

Psychoanalysis arises due to psychic ailments produced in Modernity. Before typical contemporary transformations, we often find questionings regarding the Psychoanalysis validity and range. To understand how Psychoanalysis has been facing external and internal tensionings, challenges, and current criticisms was what motivated this thesis accomplishment. The particular contemporary demands are named as important challenges to the validity of Psychoanalysis. It was sought to know the experience of psychoanalysts who exercise some reflections on Psychoanalysis using their written productions, such as papers, book chapters, books, and/or theses. The aim of this thesis was to explore the current psychoanalytical clinic peculiarities regarding psychoanalysts‟ views on listening demands, on understanding the relationship between contemporary psychoanalytical clinic demands and the production of knowledge on Psychoanalysis, and to identify commonalities and/or differences related to theoretical and technical conceptions developed by the listening of the interviewed psychoanalysts. We opted to use a qualitative methodology. This thesis is organized in three sections: one is theoretical, and the other two have empirical content. In the theoretical section, some psychoanalytical contributions were developed, regarding the psychoanalytical movement history, the authors who contributed to and questioned the psychoanalytical clinic, and also its relevant challenges. In the first empirical section, six psychoanalysts with at least 23 years of clinical experience and written production on psychoanalytical clinic participated. It was performed a semi-structured interview with each participant, and the data collected were analyzed using Bardin‟s (2011) a posteriori Content Analysis through Moraes‟s (1999) rereading. Four final categories were built: Psychoanalysis incompleteness and opening: Freud‟s legacy value; The current psychoanalytical clinic: work demand to psychoanalysts; The gold of Psychoanalysis; and Facing the Psychoanalysis discontents: risks and potentials. It was concluded to be relevant to contemporary analysts to keep characteristics of the complex thought which distinguishes Psychoanalysis, and to promote dialogues with other kinds of knowledge. The findings of this study allowed defining as entrepreneurship the psychoanalysts‟ creative work facing clinical challenges and impasses, and naming as contemporary analysts the ones who, committed to the Freudian legacy, feel uneasy before the questionings, and also produce knowledge to the Psychoanalysis advance and becoming. It was perceived as relevant that an analytical education can arouse psychoanalysts‟ creative and inventive capacity. In the second empirical section, it was opted to develop the material originated from the interview with three participants Brazilian psychoanalysts who have a Doctor degree. These interviews were analyzed using Bardin‟s (2011) a priori Content Analysis, and the defined categories were: The work demand to the psychoanalytical theory; The psychoanalytical method specificity; and The psychoanalytical technique and the resources of psychic investigation. The Psychoanalysis transformations as theory, method, and technique were approached. It was pointed that the essential elements in contemporary projects to Psychoanalysis are the analysts and their answers to clinic challenges.