Distorções cognitivas, esquemas iniciais desadaptativos, depressão, ansiedade e estresse em obesos mórbidos e pessoas com peso normal

Abstract

As part of the theoretical study of this research a review of the literature on cognitive-behavioral therapy of obesity was accomplished. This research concludes that this psychotherapeutic approach is indicated for the treatment of people with obesity and can bring many benefits for this population. However, a point of difficulty in this treatment is the maintenance of the lower weight after weight loss. The empirical part of this research aimed to study cognitive distortions, early maladaptive schemas, depression, anxiety and stress in morbid obese people compared to normal weight individuals. The sample consisted of 111 participants, which were 53 morbid obese and 58 subjects with normal weight. Participants responded to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a Demographic and Clinical History Questionnaire, the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest), the Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form (YSQ-S) and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The morbid obese group had significantly higher prevalence of "labeling" cognitive distortion, insufficient self-control / self-discipline early maladaptive schema and anxiety symptoms compared to the normal weight group. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of depression and stress among groups. Thus, it was concluded that morbid obese people may present greater prevalence of labeling cognitive distortions, insufficient self-control / self-discipline early maladaptive schema and anxiety symptoms compared to people with normal weight.