O bem jurídico supraindividual como critério de limitação da intervenção penal

Abstract

This dissertation, developed within the research line entitled Sistemas Jurídico-penais Contemporâneos of the Postgraduate Program in Criminal Sciences of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, focuses on the possibility of the concept of collective legal good maintaining a critical function. Such an investigation is relevant since the theory of legal goods seeks to limit the criminal intervention, determining that every crime be structured on the harming of a legal good. So that the limiting function of the criminal law can only be performed if and when the object of protection has criminal dignity and is able to suffer and express this violation. Whereas the collective legal good has less visible outlines and a more abstract content, and considering that they have increasingly been promoted as basis for new crimes, the foundation of its legitimacy, as well as its characteristics and capability of concretion is also examined in order to determine whether the application of the offensiveness rule is possible. The research thus began seeking to find the source of legitimacy of the collective legal good, examining the qualities that must be present in order for it to establish itself as the foundation of a crime and culminating in the identification of his own peculiar characteristics. Afterwards, we sought to determine in what way the collective legal good can be harmed, by means of an analysis centered on the rule of offensiveness. In the end, it was concluded that, as long as equipped with certain characteristics, the collective legal good can carry out a critical function of criminal law, on the condition that it is capable of concretion.