Atividade dos músculos mastigatórios avaliada por meio de eletromiografia em crianças e adolescentes com mordida cruzada posterior

Abstract

Background: The posterior crossbite (PCB) involves teeth, bone structure, and functions of the stomatognathic system that are under development: motor control and masticatory function. A unilateral PCB (UPCB) associated with dislocation of the mandible, has consequences for the entire stomatognathic system. The activity of the masticatory, temporal and masseter muscles can be investigated using surface electromyography. The availability of PCB in muscle activity is still not clear on mandatorily. Objective: To carry out literature (LR) and a systematic review (SR) on the activity of masticatory muscles in obligation with PCB. Materials and Methods: The LR included the search on PubMed, using the descriptors “posterior crossbite AND electromyography” with restriction in the year of publication (2010-2020). The SR covers seven bases and was carried out in pairs and independently, without data restriction and based on the defined search strategy, and only in children and adolescents. Results: In LR, fourteen articles were found, and these were controversial with each other. In RS, 25 articles and qualitative synthetic analyzes were included. The articles vary in quality: high, medium, and low risk of bias. Conclusion: In LR, there was inconclusive evidence about possible muscle changes. Randomized clinical trials with a larger sample size are evaluated. In SR, the majority (40%) are at high risk of bias, mainly due to the failure to identify confounding factors. The subject of further research with a rigorous methodology defined criteria and larger sample size.