Reaplicação de tecnologias com fundamento social : uma análise à luz da teoria ator-rede

Abstract

Social Technologies aim at social transformation, local contextualization, participatory development, simplicity, low cost and the feasibility of popular enterprises. These technologies emerge as an alternative to conventional technologies that tend to consume large scale of natural resources, human and financial capital. In the Brazilian context, there are two main theoretical approaches to social technology, one considering technology as a social construction, in which this technology is developed and improved with interaction of the local community; and another in which technology can be understood as articulations, programs and artifacts that are introduced in a community with the purpose of improving the life of that community, being seen as a technology for the social. The present study investigates a technology for the social of entrepreneurial educational aiming to analyze the mechanisms to reapply it as a social technology constructed collectively. Using the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as the main theoretical-methodological approach, the network of actors of this technology for the social of entrepreneurial education is investigated, identifying and analyzing the effects of this network composed of human and non-human actors. As a result of employing ANT, some theoretical concepts emerge during this research, such as the concepts of hinterland, political ontology and enactment, helping to understand the process of reapplication of social technology in an active, political and critical way. Furthermore, the ANT perspective does not separate the subject/object, micro/macro, agency/structure, allowing a transition between levels of analysis, expanding the understanding of contingency phenomena. Thus, this research contributes to the theme of social technology and its reapplication, showing that technologies cannot be conceived or reapplied without connecting them with contingent realities and a heterogeneous network of actors.