Análise da matriz energética brasileira e a participação das energias renováveis a partir das políticas ambientais energéticas

Abstract

Brazil is known for having the energy consumption matrix composed mainly of renewable sources, with the participation of hydraulic energy alone representing 63.5% of total consumption. However, the production energy matrix is not composed of the same amount of sources of renewable energy. It is also known that the Brazilian matrix was shaped over the years and energy sources were gradually changed. Thus, it is important to differentiate the production energy matrix and the consumption energy matrix, since the first is mostly composed of non-renewable energy sources, unlike the second, in which more than half of the energy sources are renewable. Therefore, for this analysis, the data is presented according to the National Energy Balance (BEN), available by the Energy Research Company (EPE). In addition to the presentation and differentiation of the matrix, the energy sources are segmented by renewable and non-renewable, which will allow the discussion of the environmental impacts caused by renewable energies. Finally, the Brazilian environmental policies adopted over the years, from 1920, to the most current policies are presented.