Os programas primeira infância melhor, criança feliz e o sistema nacional de intervenção precoce português : aproximações e distanciamentos

Abstract

This research has as its theme the “Primeira Infância Melhor” (PIM), “Programa Criança Feliz” (PCF) and the National Early Intervention System developed in Portugal. This is an investigative study that discusses theapproximations and distances, considering theoretical, structural and methodological aspects, existing among Brazilian programs with the principles of the Early Intervention approach developed by the National System of Early Childhood Intervention (SNIPI), from Portugal. For that purpose,it was examined how the policies develop their practices from the historical constitution and their individual objectives. This research was developed through qualitative methodology of exploratory nature, with characteristics of documentary research thatorganized the selection of documents according to the criteria brought by Cellard (2008 apud SÁ-SILVA; ALMEIDA; GUINDANI, 2009) considering: context; author (s); authenticity and reliability of the text; the nature of thetext; key concepts and internal logic. It was made a descriptive and interpretive analysis of the documents through Bardin's Content Analysis (2016). Thus, three topics of analysis were created: Public Policies for Early Childhood under analysis: Braziland Portugal; Intersectoriality as a principle of the Teams' performance; and Teams in action: the development of policies in practice, which is subdivided into four items. It was concluded that the Brazilian programs and the Portuguese system meet a current social demand, discussed by the civil society of these countries and recommended by international documents that guide necessary investment in early childhood and, within the parameters of public policies, that seek to develop on a large scale. In different ways, they trigger services within the territories in which they operate and exerts a continuous movement by the public authorities on what is necessary to satisfy the effective local needs of the clientele in service. SNIPI, PIM and PCF present themselves with solid theoretical basis,involve the ecology of life of all participants and have a rigorous methodological organization of systematic monitoring through the practice of visitation and intersectoral action and, in the case of Portugal, also transdisciplinary. These are governmental actions that address the demands of children and families in a very particular way, considering their social and cultural contexts. Studies show that the implementation of measures of reception and care in early childhood, longitudinally, can promote powerful gains for society.