A concepção de ser humano na obra de Pierre Bourdieu : uma contribuição à filosofia contemporânea

Abstract

From the premise that Pierre Bourdieu's work can contribute to the challenges of the human being in the 21st century, we propose as a philosophical investigation to highlight the conception of the human being with which he operates from his work. Although Bourdieu does not present a concept about the human being, it is assumed that every thinker works with conceptions about the human being and about the world, in the case of this author, the social world. The Bourdieusian conception of the human being is the object of research elaborated in four interrelated chapters. The first chapter starts from the premise that Bourdieu builds the concept of human being as a social being from his perspective of life, a perspective focused on action as a relevant category in problematizing the relationship between individual and society. With that, we propose the reconstruction of the personal trajectory intertwined with the Bourdieusian intellectual trajectory in order to list the concept of social human being. As a social human being, we propose to present in the second chapter, the Bourdieusian constructivism based on collective action. Such proposal questions the nomenclature offered by the author, the constructivist structuralism or structuralist constructivism from Bourdieu's encounter with Jean Piaget and Lev S. Vigostki. From this, in the third chapter it was imposed as initially necessary to demonstrate the differences that allow to place the irrelevance of understanding Bourdieusian theory as a structuralist theory. The discussion is with the Lévi-straussian structuralist anthropology with and against which Bourdieu constructs his theory. After that, the objective is to demonstrate the articulation of the concepts of habitus, field and capital within the scope of Bourdieusian constructivism. Finally, the fourth chapter is devoted to the conception of a social human being as a social agent based on action. The doctoral proposal aims to offer a contribution to the research of Bourdieusian work and contemporary philosophy.