As transformações das carreiras e do emprego no contexto de trabalho contemporâneo

Abstract

This study was carried out within the Group of Studies in Career Development of the field of Social Psychology of the Psychology Course at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Its main objective was to investigate the transformations related to work and careers in contemporary contexto in the light of socio constructionist theories. There has been an increase in the responsibility of people to take control of their career paths due to the dynamism and unpredictability of the labor market. In this transformation, different possibilities of work are established, covering an ambiguous reality of opportunities and impediments for healthy human development. In this sense, the general objective of this study was to understand how agency and structure factors related to impact on workers' health variables. In particular, the agency variables will be investigated with reference to career attitudes and behaviours and the structure variables will be described based on the understanding of the work design. To achieve this goal, a Thematic Documentary Analysis was carried out with 13 copies of Você S / A magazine, highlighting micro and macro-narratives related to career paths and the reality of work in organizations. Subsequently, an empirical study was conducted with 210 professionals linked to three IT companies in Porto Alegre. The objective of this study was to identify how the relationships between behavior and career attitudes and work design are reflecting on workers' health and well-being variables. From the first study, one can identify: 1) a reinforcement in the idea that the professionals are able to overcome the barriers of unemployment, adapting to the competitive market that presents itself; 2) companies are spaces in which good practices of people management are promoted; 3) the ideal of 'success' is represented by the professional achievement opportunities inside or outside the organization, internally or externally directed. The second study, however, points out that contemporary careers characteristics relate positively and negatively to Work Engagement. They also present a relationship, to a lesser extent with symptoms of Anxiety, Depression and Stress. The work context factors, in turn, have a lower predictive capacity for Work Engagement in relation to the symptoms of Anxiety, Depression and Stress in the sample investigated. By contributing to the understanding of the complex relationship between individual and contextual variables for the configuration of contemporary work, it is expected to broaden the comprehension of how to promote organizational and social realities that are more flexible and less precarious for workers.