Análise das emissões de gases e consumo específico de um grupo motor-gerador abastecido com misturas diesel, biodiesel e etanol

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to analyze the performance of a Diesel Engine-Generator Group regarding to exhaust emissions and fuel consumption, fueled with diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends, simulating a variable energy demand in a resistive load bank. The following fuels were analyzed: B8 (commercial fossil diesel with 8%v/v biodiesel added), pure biodiesel (B100) produced from soybean oil by the transesterification process using the methylic and ethylic routes, B20 blend, with additions of 5% and 10% content (%v/v) of the commercial hydrated ethanol. Unloaded tests were performed as well as with applied loads of 15 kW and 30 kW, simulating demands of 30% and 60% of the nominal capacity of the generator, for each fuel. The motor-generator group consists in a diesel internal combustion engine, 4 strokes, 2940 cc, with a forced fuel injection system coupled to a 40 kVA nominal power generator, and power factor between 0.95 and 0.99. The tests were carried out with controlled temperature at the facilities of Autogeradora Company, Porto Alegre, RS. The results obtained showed that the B20 blend is the best option in terms of gas emission and specific fuel consumption reductions. In the proposal for renewable energy generation, the introduction of ethanol into the blends with biodiesel showed emission reductions without compromising the delivery of power and no changes were found in the comparison of the biodiesel produced by different alcohols in the transesterification.