Avaliação da neoformação óssea em defeitos críticos com o uso de substitutos ósseos derivados de fosfato e do PLGA/rhGH : estudo preliminar em coelhos

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the bone formation with different bone substitutes, including a rhGH hormone carrier (Growth Human Hormone Recombined) in an animal model. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 rabbits (from New Zealand), males, young adults (approximately 10 months old) were used. For each group, 6 rabbits were used, being that in each animal, 4 test sites were performed with a 8 mm diameter trephine, completing the total thickness of the skull. The test sites were distributed in: Group I (a: clot, b: autogenous bone triturated, c: PLGA (poly lactic glycolic acid) + rhGH (Growth Human Hormone Recombined), and d: autogenous bone + rhGH); and Group II (a: HA (hydroxyapatite), b: autogenous bone triturated, c: HA / β-TCP (hydroxyapatite / tricalcium phosphate beta), and d: HA / SiO2n (hydroxyapatite / silicium oxide). The animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks and the samples were prepared and stained with HE (hematoxylin and eosin). A descriptive analysis of the samples was performed with OM (optics microscopic). Results: The evaluation showed that in the samples with PLGA and rhGH there was not the complete filling of the sites, although it was observed inflammatory process compatible with existing biomaterials. The bone formation regions presented filled osteocytic gaps in remodeling process, showing mature and viable bone. In relation to the sites with biomaterials (HA, HA/TCP-b e HA/ HA/SiO2n), all of them showed bone formation with biomaterial incorporation. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the viability of different bone substitutes (HA, HA / TCP-β, HA / SiO2n). In addition, bone formation was not observed throughout the test region with the use of the hormone carrier. However, in regions with neoformation, it was verified the presence of mature and viable bone.