A insignificância penal : fundamentos dogmáticos para a legitimação teórica e vetores de aplicação no Brasil

Abstract

In this dissertation, we study the de minimis non curat praetor principle through the review of the doctrine, focused on the multidisciplinary study, supported by the jurisprudential research and analysis of six precedents of the Superior Court of Justice and the Federal Supreme Court. After the introduction, in the first chapter, the criminal policy movements, the tensions between criminal minimalism and maximalism, the growing expansion of the criminal law and the limits of the expansionism in the contemporaneity will be addressed. The first chapter will also address the principles of fragmentarity, subsidiarity and offensiveness as legitimating elements of the de minimis postulate, thus strengthening the implementation of this principle for the criminal law dogmatics. The second chapter deals with the importance of the legal right and its interdependence with the de minimis principle. The insignificance will be studied in its essence as a supralegal cause of atypicity, in order to assess the proportionality of the sanction to the felony. Finally, the study will bring the vectors listed by the Federal Supreme Court in the paradigmatic Habeas Corpus n. 84.412 from 2004, and the analysis to verify if the precedent has been consolidated by the courts and if the de minimis non curat praetor principle became feasible in the manner established by the Federal Supreme Court. In this sense, the third chapter is intended to prove, from the analysis of six precedents dealing with theft and embezzlement offenses in the Superior Court of Justice and in the Federal Supreme Court, the flaw in the model created by the jurisprudence, finding a pathology in the system of application of the vectors from the referred decision. Finally, the Bill no. 236 of the Senate will be studied, exclusively in reference to the principles that it wants to consolidate, especially analyzing the de minimis postulate in order to demonstrate that the form of consolidating this principle in the General Part of the Penal Code is flawed and will represent no significant changes to the Brazilian criminal justice system.