Efeito da suplementação de leucina sobre a proliferação de pré-osteoblastos da linhagem MC3T3-E1

Abstract

Introduction: leucine (Leu) is an essential branched-chain amino acid, present in dairy products, which has been investigated for exert an important role in cell signaling. However, most studies evaluating cellular responses mediated by Leu, works within a normal perspective in AA supply and little is known about the effects that supplementation can generate on the cell proliferation mechanisms. The effects of excess of this amino acid, have been extensively studied in many cell types, but there is an important limitation on the amount of information available in the scientific literature regarding their actions in bone cells. Objective: the aim of this study to determine the effects of leucine supplementation on proliferation of pre-osteoblasts of the MC3T3-E1 lineage. Methods: the MC3T3-E1 cells were kept in α-MEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotic. After initial determination of concentrations, the cells were treated during 48 hours, by the addition of 50 μM Leu, which corresponds to 12,5% in addition of the amino acid to the culture medium. Untreated cells represented the control group. The evaluation of the viability and proliferation of cultured cells was performed with Trypan Blue dye (0.4%). To identify the mechanisms related to decreased cellular proliferation, assays were performed to verify cytotoxicity (LDH); apotosis (Annexin V); oxidative stress (TBARS and DCFH); inflammation (TGF-β 1 and CBA); autophagy (acridine orange and flow cytometry); senescence (DAPI and flow cytometry); and DNA damage (alkaline comet assay). Results and conclusions: Leu supplementation (50 μM) decreases cell proliferation by 40% with causes not related to cell necrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation or autophagy. The Leu supplementation caused DNA damage, with consequent increase in senescence and decrease of proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.