Uso do cicloergômetro durante a fase I de reabilitação da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio : avaliação da capacidade funcional

Abstract

Objective : To assess the impact of a rehabilitation protocol on the functional capacity of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), after phase I of rehabilitation, using the cycle ergometer.Method : this is a randomized clinical trial blinded to the evaluator. All patients, older than 50 years old, who underwent CABG and did not meet the exclusion criteria, were invited to participate in the study. After signing the Informed Consent (IC), and being submitted to the surgical procedure, participants were included and randomized to rehabilitation in the control group, with the standard protocol, or in the intervention group, keeping breathing exercises from the standard protocol and replacing the usual physical therapy for 20 minutes of activity in cycle ergometer. Functional assessment was performed at the pre-operative period and on the sixth day after surgery, in order to evaluate balance through the unipodal stance test, mobility through the TUG test and aerobic power assessed by the 6MWT.Results : 19 patients were randomized, being 9 individuals allocated to the intervention group and 10 to the control group. Mean age of the participants in the intervention group was similar to the control group (60.8 ± 4.7 vs 62.4 ± 8.1). There was a predominance of man in both groups (55.6% vs 80.0%). In the intragroup comparisons, individuals from the control group showed a significant decrease in the distance walked in the 6MWT. There was no significant difference between groups considering the other functional variables.Conclusion : Using cycle ergometer in cardiac rehabilitation phase I resulted in similar outcomes considering functional assessment; however, the cycle ergometer allowed better monitoring of hemodynamic and respiratory parameters; therefore, it can be an alternative for rehabilitation of CABG phase I.