Síntese de compósitos baseados em polietileno/nanofibras de polianilina e grafite

Abstract

The research work is related to the preparation of polymer composites based on polyaniline (PAni) and graphite. Polyaniline nanofibers were synthesized by the method of rapid mixing. Hybrid load (PAni/NLG) was synthesized by polymerizing aniline in the presence of graphite nanosheets (NLG). Polymer composites were prepared using differents methodologies: melt blending and in situ polymerization. In preparing polymer composites of polyethylene (PE)/PAni, PE/NLG and PE/PAni/NLG by in situ polymerization, the catalyst system was used Cp2ZrCl2/MAO. Polymeric composites by melt blending with the melt PE and conductive load were prepared in the melting chamber. The conductive loads as well as those produced composites were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis), DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and electrical properties (Probe Two Tips). Rapid mixing, nanofiber synthesis methodology was efficient, as were prepared nanofibers with a diameter of approximately 50-80 nm and with yield of the synthesis reaction of 23%. From the results it was found that the in situ polymerization was the most suitable method to produce polymeric composites in the presence of polyaniline, as the composite exhibited good load dispersion inducing the formation of the conductive network. The presence of graphite in hybrid material improves electrical conductivity of composites and the quality of nanofibers is affected positively. The methodology of the mixture by melting was not efficient to disperse the nanofiber Pani in PE matrix.