Liberdade de pesquisar, pesquisas clínicas e outras pesquisas científicas de risco envolvendo seres humanos: uma proposta de reformulação do atual sistema de controle implementado pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde, à luz da Constituição Brasileira

Abstract

This is a study about the freedom of scientific research in light of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which specifically focuses on the scientific research in the area of health concerning human beings. Firstly, the general assumptions for this analysis have been outlined, aiming to provide as broad a view as possible of: the aspects of scientific research dealing with health issues in Brazil; the international ethical parameters established; and the protective efforts made by the legal community in terms of international rights. Subsequently, the legal-constitutional outlines of such freedom have been defined as fundamental rights and duties. Lastly, given the problems that have been highlighted based on the general theory of fundamental rights, this study proposes that the current system, conceived by the National Health Council, be reformulated by an Act, in order to, considering the proportionality principle, include only the clinical trials and the scientific research in specific and defined areas. In this context, proposals for appreciation and approval of these two groups of scientific research are made not only concerning organizational and procedural aspects but also material aspects.