Experiência estética e fotografia no cotidiano de alunos da EJA: possíveis relações com o ensino da arte

Abstract

This dissertation describes the research on the aesthetic experiences and the relationship established with photography in the daily lives of EJA (Education of Youngsters and Adults) students of a public school located at the periphery of Porto Alegre. The mobilization for the research emerged from the observation of the lack of interest and willingness to learn as evidenced by these students, especially the younger ones, not only in visual arts classes, but at times in all knowledge areas. The following questions were thus formulated: how do aesthetic experiences take place in their lives? What kind of relations do they establish with images they create and appreciate on a daily basis? From which it was intended to think about the possible entanglement between photography and the aesthetic experience and the coming contribution from this interlace to the approach of students with art education. The collection of data was performed through a series of meetings with an ensemble of upper grade EJA students, conducted in the manner of focus groups and, on occasion, from photo-elicitation. The data, consisting of a set of transcripts of interviews and a group of images selected and commented on their course, were analyzed qualitatively through discursive and textual analysis and discussed based on theoretical reference relating to the addressed issues. Those situations lived by the students which somehow offer themselves as a counterpoint to their usual reactions and experiences have been considered as possible aesthetic experiences. It was considered, therefore, that significant aesthetic experiences can be lived outside the realm or art, even if it constitutes its field of excellence. Photography was recognized as an established practice in the context of students lives, which in this context is strongly determined by social conventions. But at the same time, although regulated by many tacit rules, photography can also contribute, due to its inherent complexity, to the occurrence of aesthetic experiences. The teaching of art has been approached from the need to seek an approximation with images and contexts of students lives, but simultaneously without neglecting the promotion of aesthetic experiences as one of the fundamental tasks in arts teaching. The contribution of contemporary artists working with photography for the establishment of these connections was also taken into account. Ultimately we think of an art education which recognizes and attempts to explore its role as an important contribution to the formation of subjectivities offering an expanding repertoire of artistic and aesthetic and therefore assisting in the establishment of new possibilities for the understanding of oneself, of one another, of the art and of the world.