Verdade e interpretação : hermenêutica filosófica como alternativa ao naturalismo e ao relativismo

Abstract

The relation between language and world is one of the oldest problems in philosophy and influences competing conceptions in the most diverse and relevant areas of thought, especially from modernity. In this regard, it is intended to develop in the first chapter the theoretical consequences of the constitutive conception of language proposed by authors who belong to German romanticism as opposed to the designative conception of language present in what can be historically denominated as Aufklärung. From that, it will be presented the relevance of this theoretical divergence for the conceptions of relevant themes in contemporaneity and, particularly, for hermeneutics, which is influenced by this divergence. Based on the appropriation and application of the ideas in the first chapter, a reading on the theoretical development of philosophical hermeneutics will be developed in the second chapter, which will enable a coherent critique of both naturalism and the currents associated with relativism and skepticism. Finally, in the third chapter, once this hermeneutic perspective has been consolidated, a different approach is presented on relevant problems in the contemporary philosophical scenario, such as the relationship between the development of consciousness and the acquisition of language and the theoretical status of Ethics from an interpretive approach. In this sense, considering the set of criticized and also proposed ideas, it is sought a rapprochement between concepts such as interpretation, truth and objectivity.