Ângulo de fase da bioimpedância e doenças cardiovasculares

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death in Brazil and worldwide, representing about 30% of deaths in our country. In this sense, the study of risk factors and prognostic factors is extremely important for the development of primary and secondary prevention strategies for such conditions. The estimation of the phase angle through electrical bioimpedance has been associated with cardiovascular diseases in recent studies and can be a relevant prognostic tool in the evaluation of such diseases. Objective: To evaluate whether there is association of the phase angle with cardiovascular diseases Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, comprehensive search was conducted through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, and gray literature, with no date and language limit, to estimate the association between the phase angle of bioimpedance and cardiovascular diseases. Quality of evidence was assessed for all studies using the Cochrane Reviews standards. Metaanalysis was perfomed using random effects models in order to synthesize the associations. Differences between means and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to present the associations assessed and sensitivity analyzes were also performed. Results: A total of 2575 participants from 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The exposed male subjects had a lower phase angle than the controls (SMD = -0.83, 95% CI [-1.01, -0.65], P < 0.001) With low heterogeneity (I² = 11%, P = 0.35). In the group of women, the result was similar (SMD = -0.47, 95% CI [-0.71, -0.24], P < 0.001), But with high heterogeneity (I² = 69%, P <0.01). The majority of the studies 5 (55.6%) were classified as good quality. Conclusions: The study showed an association of the phase angle with cardiovascular diseases, suggesting that this measure may be useful as a prognostic and assessment tool for cardiovascular diseases in adults and the elderly.