Avaliação das respostas fisiológicas durante a utilização de videogames interativos e do teste de exercício cardiopulmonar em indivíduos com fibrose cística e saudáveis

Abstract

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease that affects several systems and organs and requires a regular and complex treatment. Physical exercise is recommended as an important part of the treatment. However, the low adherence of patients to this recommendation is already known, which may influence quality of life survival. In order to improve adherence to exercise, the use of interactive video games (VG) may emerge as an important tool. Objective: To assess whether the use of VG by CF and healthy individuals generates the cardiorespiratory demand necessary for aerobic physical training, using as a parameter the performance in the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Methods: Cross-sectional study with CF and healthy subjects (control group - CON), matched by age and gender, aged over 6 years old. Subjects who were unable to perform CPET were excluded. The study was divided into 2 visits: on the first visit, anthropometric measures, spirometry, and CPET were performed for both groups. In addition, during this visit, a respiratory health questionnaire was applied to the CON group. On the second visit, a physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-A/IPAQ-C) was applied and the VG tests were performed using Nintendo Wii (Wii Fit Plus: (1) Obstacle Course, (2) Rhythm Boxing, and (3) Free Run) and Xbox One (Just Dance 2015: (1) Love Me Again, (2) Summer and (3) Happy), 10 minutes for each console. During both CPET and the use of VG, a gas analyzer was used to measure cardiorespiratory variables. In addition, during VG use, an accelerometer (wGT3X-BT) was used and the degree of physical effort and satisfaction was quantified. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA (with Bonferroni post hoc test) were used. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Twenty-five subjects were recruited for the CON and 30 for the CF group, with a mean age of 16.2±5.0 and 16.9±5.1, respectively. The mean (%) FEV1 in the CF group was 73.3±24 and the FVC was 81.2±19.6, which represents lower values (p<0.05) compared to the CON group. Regarding the level of physical activity, there were no differences between groups (p>0.05). There were also no differences between groups at peak exercise (CPET) for heart rate (HR) (186.0±9.0 vs 180.0±12.6 bpm), VO2 (36.7±8.50 vs 36.9±6.40 mL/kg/min) and VE (54.2±16.3 vs 50.0±17.2 L/min). In the CON group, games 2 and 3 (Xbox) and game 3 (Nintendo) raised the HR to values similar (p>0.05) to the anaerobic threshold (AT - CPET), while in the CF group this occurred for games 2 (Xbox) and 3 (Nintendo). As for VO2 and VE, both groups obtained similar responses (p>0.05) to the AT in games 2 (Xbox) and 3 (Nintendo). There were no differences (p>0.05) between VG regarding the number of steps and the degree of effort/satisfaction. Conclusion: The use of specific VG was able to raise the cardiorespiratory response to levels similar to the anaerobic threshold, showing that VG may be an alternative for the training of healthy and CF individuals.