Imprensa e rupturas institucionais : narrativas do vivido e do imaginário sobre o Golpe Civil-Militar de 1964 no Brasil e a Revolução de 25 de abril de 1974 em Portugal

Abstract

This thesis presents an analysis of newspapers narratives representing Brazilian and Portuguese hegemonic presses in two moments of institutional breakdowns: the civil-military coup of 1964 in Brazil and the revolution of April 25, 1974 in Portugal. In the first case, the result was the overthrow of President João Goulart and the beginning of a military dictatorship that lasted 21 years; in the second, the fall of an autocratic regime that existed for 48 years and the beginning of a revolutionary process that consolidated the country democracy. The research corpus is O Estado de S. Paulo and Jornal do Brasil in Brazil and Diário de Notícias and República in Portugal. In our approach institutional breakdowns are events that give access – through media narratives – to historical consciousness for they express particular modes of grasping changes regarding the mass media centrality in the modern conception of an event, according to Nora (1979). Through the narratives of the lived and the imaginary (SILVA, 2006; 2010) we seek to unveil the object of our research through theoretical-methodological covering. Therefore we reflected upon the event category, having Nora (1979) and Sodré (2009) as the major references. With the comparative method of Detienne (2004), our analysis approach was oriented by the Critical Narrative Analysis focused on journalism, as proposed by Motta (2013) Understanding the journalistic narrative as a product of the technology of the imaginary (SILVA, 2006) through which facts are challenged through its spectacularisation, our analysis has been conducted by comparable categories that enabled us to acquire an understanding of the imaginary dimension of the journalistic narratives used to report those episodes of institutional rupture, namely: the composition of intrigue, the characters, the media repercussions, the lexicon and the expressions of time.