Avaliação postural de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática

Abstract

The postural evaluation for patients submitted to orthognathic surgery is almost unheard of in the literature. The aim of this study was to determine the posture characteristics of patients with Class III pre and post orthognathic surgery through photogrammetry. In our study, we also evaluated the presence or absence of temporomandibular joint pain and the mean GAP distance in millimeters, making a direct correlation between both. First, we performed the outline of the posture profile and later compared the results before and after orthognathic surgery of these standard class III patients, so we started to have relevant data to guide us for future research, serving as the standard. The inclusion criteria for the sample were to present orthognathic surgery needs to correct class III dentofacial deformity and to undergo orthodontic preparation prior to surgery. All participants were recruited at the Facial Deformity Surgery Outpatient Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of PUCRS. They were submitted to a postural evaluation through photogrammetry through SAPO® software. The photos were taken by three people (two dentists and one physiotherapist) and were analyzed in SAPO® software by one person (a physical therapist). They were obtained with the patient in the standing position, and they were dressed in agreement that we could observe the 32 anatomical points, being: right and left swallow, right and left acromion, right and left antero-superior iliac spine, major trochanter Left and right femoral artery, right and left lateral femoral artery, right and left lateral artery, right and left lateral malleolus, right and left medial malleolus, point between the head of the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal Right and left lower scapula, right and left superior right iliac spine, spinous process C7, spinous process T3, point on the midline of the right and left leg, point on the right and left calcaneus tendon in the right and left Mean height of the two malleoli and right and left calcaneus. With our study it was possible to establish that the method of postural evaluation through photogrammetry demonstrated that the majorities of the corporal structures evaluated are out of the norms of normality in patients with Class III dentofacial profile and that the correction of the facial deformity through the Orthognathic surgery, reduced pain in the TMJ region and allowed systemic postural adjustments, mainly related to the posterior displacement of the head and trunk, as well as the right knee and heel valgus.