Desenvolvimento de novos compósitos de bioplástico e zeólita/TiO2/TiO2-Fe+3 para remoção de poluentes ambientais

Abstract

The development of new composite materials with adsorption capacity and photodegradation become an increasing need for environmental pollution control. This thesis describes the development of composite type zeolite /TiO2/TiO2-Fe+3 and bioplastic composites, for use in the photodegradation of methylene blue and adsorption with n-butanol vapor photodegradation. The synthesis of composite type zeolite/TiO2/TiO2-Fe+3 was carried out by two distinct routes: mechanical mixing and sol-gel. For the synthesis of bioplastic composite was used biopolymer polylactic acid (PLA) via the solvent evaporation technique. The materials were characterized by various techniques: XRD, FEG-SEM-EDS, TEM, NMR, FTIR, TGA, DSC, N2 physisorption, SAXS, Raman. FEG-SEM results and NMR composite type zeolite/TiO2/TiO2-Fe+3 indicate a small dealuminization of zeolite, and high degree of coverage of the surface by nanoparticle TiO2/TiO2-Fe+3 through the synthesis method sol-gel. The photodegradation of methylene blue by composite zeolite/TiO2/TiO2-Fe+3 was more than 95% in ultraviolet radiation, ion doping with Fe+3 semiconductor allowed activation with visible radiation. The bioplastic composites had lower crystallinity degree of the pure PLA. Equilibrium adsorption of n-butanol (Ci = 3500 ppmv, odor level 5) in the bioplastic composite was achieved between 40-50 min for all samples tested, with a removal percentage of between 54-72%. The photodegradation with visible radiation was observed after 45 min illumination system, the formation of CO, CO2 and short chain oxygenates was confirmed by gas chromatography. These results suggest that the compounds synthesized in this work have potential applications for the tested.