Efeito da asma e do sobrepeso na função pulmonar de crianças

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of asthma and body mass on lung function in children. Methodology: Asthmatic children and healthy controls were recruited in public and private schools in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Spirometry, before and after bronchodilator was obtained in the Lung Function Laboratory (PUCRS) at the same time weight and height were measured. Lung function and body mass index were transformed to z-scoresfor all analysis using international equations. Results: 188 children (97 girls, 52%) were enrolled, 114(60%) with asthma and 85(45%) overweight. The mean and standard deviation of age, height and weight were 11.1+1.1, 146.7+8.4 and 44.2+12.3 respectively. There was a positive correlation between BMI and FVC and FEV1 and a negative correlation with FEV1/FVC. Children with asthmahad lower FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75 and higher FVC (p<0.05 for all). Overweight children had higher FVC and FEV1 and lower FEV1/FVC (p<0.05 for all). Stratifying the analysis by asthma (yes/no) and BMI (normal weight/overweight) we found significant differences between overweight asthmatic children and overweight/non-overweight controls for FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75 (ANOVA, p<0.01 for all comparisons). Overweight asthmatic children also had lower FEV1/FVC when compared to non-overweight asthmatic children (p<0.01 for all). There was a significant trend for higher FVC and lower FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75 in overweight children with asthma. (Jonckheere-Terpstra, p<0.01 for all analysis). Conclusion: It is noticed significant effect independent of asthma and overweight in lung function in schoolchildren. Both asthma and overweight reduce the FEV1 / FVC ratio