A leitura de fábulas e de contos de fadas sob a perspectiva da argumentação na língua : uma proposta de transposição didática

Abstract

When children start school, they know they will be taught to read and write, and that it is the school’s duty to teach that. However, the idea of learning to read leads, traditionally, to the first years of elementary school, that is, to literacy teaching and learning. Nevertheless, the act of reading is not restricted to the acquisition of a code, it is more than that; reading is meaning-making. Therefore, this study aims to turn reading into an object of teaching and learning, with the support of the Theory of Argumentation within Language (AWL) in its current phase, the Theory of the Semantic Blocks (TSB), since it allows to show the process of meaning-making through language. In order to do that, it is necessary to translate those theories into the school environment. This process of didactic transposition based in Yves Chevallard – which is illustrated along the study and completed through the design of reading tasks for two fables and one fairy tale – consists of taking some concepts of the chosen theory (value, relation, argumentative entanglements, external and internal argumentation, semantic interdependence, and semantic block) and turning them into something to be taught, in order to improve the reading performance of fifth grade elementary school students.