Potencial brasileiro para implementação de projetos de armazenamento geológico de carbono da biomassa a partir de usinas de alcool

Abstract

The contribution of anthropogenic emissions to the intensification of the greenhouse effect and consequent environmental change shows, once again, the need to find mitigation measures to the problem. In this context, the technology of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Geological Storage (BECCS) has emerged as a promising alternative for reducing emissions. BECCS projects are based on the concept of generating negative emissions by capturing CO2 from the biomass burning or processing, for example, for biofuel production, and storage in geological reservoirs. The implementation of such projects in Brazil is interesting due to two factors: a) the significant production of ethanol from biomass and b) the occurrence of extensive sedimentary basins with potential reservoirs for storage. This study aims to determine the potential to reduce Brazilian emissions through geological storage of carbon dioxide resulting from ethanol production. Thus, the source-sink matching methodology was applied using a Geographic Information System (GIS) with georeferenced data from stationary emission sources (ethanol plants), transport networks (pipelines) and storage sites (wells and sedimentary basins). In this way, it was possible to determine areas (clusters) with potential for deployment of BECCS projects, evaluating them in terms of volume of CO2 emissions (CO2 avoided potential).