Questionários utilizados para avaliação do sono em pediatria : uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: The use of questionnaires for the diagnosis of sleep disorders in children has increased significantly both in the scientific field and in the clinical practice. Objective: To identify the available and validated questionnaires for assessment of sleep in the pediatric population. Methodology: The potential eligible studies published up to June 2014 were identified from a search at Medline, Embase, LILACS, Scielo and Doaj. The search was conducted using a combination of the following terms: (Sleep OR Apnea) AND Questionnaires. Scientific papers that used questionnaires to assess sleep in pediatric population with unrestricted period of publication and language were included. Exclusion criteria were articles that were not related to the pediatric population and also those which did not use sleep assessment questionnaire for this population. Results: Out of the 8,266 articles identified, 8,168 were excluded for two main reasons: not working with the pediatric population or not presenting a questionnaire to assess sleep. Thus, 98 articles were fully analyzed with 105 questionnaires that assessed sleep in pediatric population. From these studies, it was possible to identify 64 different scales that assess sleep disorders in children and adolescents. All of the questionnaires evaluated (n = 105), 70 (67%) were valid. The most commonly cited instruments in the literature were CSHQ (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire), PSQ (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire), SDSC (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children), PDSS (Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale), SHS (Sleep Habits Survey), MEQ (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire), and ISQ (Infant Sleep Questionnaire). These scales were cited in more than 50% of the papers. In the evaluation of the quality criteria of the instruments, the less presented in the studies were the responsiveness and test-retest agreement. Conclusion: There are, in the literature, validated questionnaires for all age groups to assess pediatric sleep which are of easy accessibility and applicability. However, it is still necessary to evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments, since many scales applied in the clinical practice have no major validation criteria for their usefulness.