Produção de L-asparaginase II recombinante de Erwinia carotovora em cultivos de Escherichia coli em batelada alimentada

Abstract

Biopharmaceutical drugs are mainly recombinant proteins produced by biotechnological tools. Currently on the market L-asparaginase preparations, derived either from Escherichia coli or Erwinia chrysanthemi, have been used as a therapeutic agent on the effective treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for more than 40 years. The interest in Erwinia carotovora L-asparaginase type II stems from its significantly lower glutaminase- and similar asparaginase-activity compared to current therapeutic preparations, this is particularly important since the glutaminase-activity has been implicated in causing serious side effects. The aim of this work is to apply a combination of technologies to develop a productive and simplified process for production of homogeneous and active recombinant L-asparaginase II from Erwinia carotovora (rErAII) in E. coli as host cells. The shake flasks and bioreactor conditions for productive rErAII expression are described, as well as a one-step ion-exchange liquid chromatography purification protocol followed by enzyme kinetics and thermodynamics through isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). By using a robust fed-batch technique with pre-determined exponential feeding rates the bioreactor culture system yielded 30.7 gram of dry cell weight and 0.9 gram of recombinant rErAII protein in soluble form per liter of culture broth. This was achieved in cultures maintained at 30 ºC, in Terrific Broth medium under isopropil β-D-tiogalactopiranosideo (IPTG) induction and using E. coli C43 (DE3) as a host cell. The established one-step purification protocol yielded more than 5 mg of homogeneous rErAII per gram of dry cell weight, corresponding to 168 mg of rErAII protein per culture liter. The work shows that it is possible to produce an active homogeneous rErAII enzyme in the soluble cell fraction through IPTG-induced E. coli fed-batch cultivation. The rErAII proved to be a promising alternative therapy in the treatment of ALL, due to its lower glutaminase activity. When compared to well-established spectrophotometric assays, the straightforward calorimetric techniques for enzyme kinetics determination are accurate and precise either for purified enzymes or crude extracts. These data will contribute to biopharmaceutical companies interested in developing biosimilars, to healthcare policies, and quality control improvement.