A relevância do erro sobre a punibilidade nas causas de liberação da pena

Abstract

This doctoral thesis, developed in the area of Criminal Violence System in the research line of Contemporary Criminal Legal Systems, whose main purpose is the articulation of dogmatic, political criminal, criminology, empirical and rational arguments to review the issue of relevance of the error on the punishment, through the demonstration that the expansion of criminal law caused a systematic response that, among other effects, produced the paradoxical increase of the use of constrains of punishment. Among such constraints, there are the reasons of the liberation of the sentence, that have the conceptual autonomy, since they are shaped as a species of the genus punishment, as proposed in this work, and they are also bounded to the positive post criminal behavior, whose examination of the behavioral dimension allows a perspective analysis, different from the traditional doctrine. Therefore, it starts from the assumption that the historic doctrinal resistance to the recognition of the error on punishment, genus to which the species belongs, that are called causes of release of the sentence , is result of the way the theme is understood, and it is difficult to measure its scope and the way it influences its context. Thus, it presented not only a concept of punishment, but also the impossibility to treat it with a unitary view, so we divided it into three identifiable species: causes of liberation of sentence, personal causes of exclusion of sentence and objective conditions of punishment. The basis for the recognition of the relevance of error, inherent to the causes of the liberation of sentence, are seen, considering the purposes of punishment, the material concept of crime and the full penal system. Thus, in the punishment of error, in the hypothesis of positive and post criminal behavior, the static dogmatic, as it is not apropriate to respond to the excesses of the legislator, needs to absorb other evalues, including extrapenais that, with their particularities, provide the basis, considering the advance of Criminal Law.