Disciplinamento escolar : suas relações com a autoridade docente e a autonomia estudantil em um primeiro ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This work was developed in the Research Line Training, Policy and Practice in Education, of the Stricto Sensu Master's Course of the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGEDU) at Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. The present study aims to understand the process of disciplining school, from the knowledge and practices of a teacher's first year of elementary school, a public school in the city of Porto Alegre/RS. Towards this objective, the research was developed from a qualitative approach in a case study, in which the methods of data collection were semi-structured interviews - with reference class Professor and the teachers working in Coordination office of Pedagogical and Educational Guidance school; classroom observations, and document collection and study of the school and the Municipal Education Department of the City. Data analysis was guided by the principles of content analysis (Bardin, 1977). The theoretical framework used in this dissertation is written back to the Freirean perspective, liberating education, in which the assumptions of the educational theory underlie the reflective stitching in these weavings, revealing itself as a construct that involves elements observed in the school reality and other possible being constructed in these spaces. The survey results indicate that the reference class teacher develops significant and creative practicals, constituting themselves as mediators actions that contribute to the construction of their authority in the classroom and to build students' autonomy. The research reveals that the reference teacher, understood as the authority in the classroom, from rigorous and dialogical practices, helps students to have secured qualified places of construction of autonomy and access to knowledge. However, the survey revealed the difficulty of the teaching staff of the institution to work on this problem with the professional school teachers, those at different stages of life: beginners and already experienced. Highlights the need for the school to promote the development of shared work projects aimed at building teaching practices with the bias of authority, fostering relationships in school pedagogical branches based on affection, accuracy, partnership and dialogue, promoting spaces-times of building students' autonomy.