Síntese e caracterização de poli (líquidos iônicos) e sua avaliação em captura e transformação de CO2

Abstract

The development of new materials for CO2 capture and transformation is of great importance to the use of fossil resources, preserving the environment. In this context, ionic liquids represent an environmentally friendly alternative, because they have negligible vapor pressure and can be reused. However, their CO2 absorption capacity not surpasses traditional solvents and their use as homogeneous catalysts in transformation processes of CO2 requires additional distillation process which increases the cost. Looking for enhance the application of ILs in these areas, in the present study were synthesized poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) from polyurethane and the ionic liquid 1-butyl chloride-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM Cl), which were characterized structural (IR, NMR), thermal (DSC, TGA) and morphology (SEM); also nanoparticles of these were synthesized by multiple emulsification followed by solvent evaporation, and also characterized. These materials were evaluated in the process of CO2 capture and transformation of this gas in cyclic carbonate through cycloaddition reaction with propylene oxide. In capture assays, the PILs showed highest sorption capacity of CO2 than the IL precursor (BMIM Cl) and PU departure; the NP obtained for these, although they were obtained aggregated, showed faster rates of sorption. In the carbonation reactions PILs presented propylene oxide conversion values approximate to those obtained for BMIM Cl, moreover were easily separated by precipitation-filtration. Therefore, the PILs evaluated in this study showed positive results for its use in the process of capturing and processing CO2.