Avaliação de hábitos alimentares e fatores de risco cardiovascular em indivíduos moradores de Cachoeirinha/RS

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have high morbidity causing great impact society and the public system. Among the classics modifiable risk factors are hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, determinants of metabolic syndrome (MS). There are biochemical markers related to cardiovascular risk even though no consensus in the literature. All these risk factors are altered long before any clinical manifestation of CVD, hence the importance of early detection. Objective: verify the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-age residents of Cachoeirinha/RS and associate with the presence of SM markers for CVD. Methods: We randomly selected 100 people (47men and53 women) between 30 and 57years of age. We administered a questionnaire addressing eating habits, checked blood pressure and anthropometric data collected and laboratory tests. Results: MS was detected in 31% of participants. There was no statistical difference between genders (p=0.5201), and between age and gender and MS (p =0.7224and p =0.8073, respectively). Individuals with MS hadhigher body mass index(BMI), p<0.0001, waist circumference (p <0.001), high blood pressure levels, p= 0.002, high triglycerides p<0.001, high blood glucose(p <0.001) and lower levels of HDL-c, p= 0.002.Individuals with MS also hadhigher serum levels of insulin, C-reactive protein, uric acid(p = 0.0089, p= 0.0011,p= 0.0128respectively) and lower serum levels of glycated hemoglobin, p=0,0001. Conclusion: The high prevalence of MS in the study population alert to the need for public policies aimed at early detection and control of these risk factors.