Atividade do inflamasoma em pacientes com sepse grave e choque séptico

Abstract

Sepsis remains the leading cause of death in the ICU and can express rates of up to 80% mortality. Despite the importance and demand for resources, the early recognition is still a challenge, allowing the occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS), shock and fatal outcomes. Recent research has shown theories about the pathophysiological mechanism of sepsis in the search for new therapies. The principal responsable for sepsis severity is inflammatory response, represented by the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. An important step in the inflammatory process is the activity of inflammasome, which functions through the activation of Caspase-1, allowing the release of active forms of interleukins IL-1β and IL-18, signaling the beginning of the response of the innate immune system. Therefore the inflammasome has been widely studied. Our study aims to assess whether the different severity of sepsis inflamossomo activity (measured by levels of IL-1 β and IL-18 in plasma) have different expression between groups, and their relationship with mortality. The results showed that the activity of inflamasoma with increased serum levels of IL-18 may be responsible for high mortality in sepsis, independent of the level of IL-1β, although the activation process and route of expresssão be simultaneous and same. Therefore, our findings may help to understand the inflammatory events that lead to sepsis, which may influence the future therapeutic and research in reducing mortality