Efeito da modificação do estilo de vida sobre o escore de risco de Framingham em indivíduos com o diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex disorder represented by a set of cardiovascular risk factors. The physical exercise and changing eating habits play a central role in the treatment and prevention of this syndrome. Adopting a healthy lifestyle is strongly related to improved life quality and interfere positively in the control of cardiovascular risk factors. To assist the risk of individuals suffering general cardiovascular clinical events, the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) recently published an multivariate algorithm for risk factor to assess the overall risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: Evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification on the Framingham risk score in subjects diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Randomized clinical trial controlled blind. The volunteers were randomly divided into four groups: dietary intervention + placebo (IN), nutritional intervention + supplementation of omega-3 (fish oil 3g/day) (INS3), nutritional intervention + placebo + physical activity (INE) nutritional intervention and physical activity + + supplementation of omega-3 (INES3). Weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile (TC, HDL-C, TG), glucose, insulin, smoking and age were collected to calculate the risk score, General Cardiovascular Risk Profile (GCRP), and check criteria for SM. Results: The study included 70 subjects. In the evaluation scores between the pre and post intervention yielded significant value (p <0.001). There was obtained a reduction to intermediate risk in 25.7% of cases. After intervention, there was a significant reduction (p <0.01) the "cardiovascular age", this being more significant in groups IN (5.2%) and INE (5.3%). Analyzing the risk factors individually, it was observed that while the effect was significant (p <0.05) for all factors. Conclusion: The change in lifestyle showed positive results in the treatment of MS. All groups behaved similarly proposed interventions without statistical difference, obtaining a reduction in the risk score.