A influência da lesão renal aguda definida pelo escore pRIFLE na evolução de pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the predictive value of the pRIFLE criteria on disease course severity in patients with or without AKI from a PICU in Southern Brazil. Material and methods: Retrospective cohort study based on a database containing all the patients admitted in a period of 1 year to a 12-bed tertiary PICU in Southern Brazil. The patients were classified according to the pRIFLE admission score and the pRIFLE maximum score during the hospitalization period in the PICU. The evaluated outcomes were: length of stay in the PICU, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of use of vasoactive drugs and mortality. The Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) was used to assess disease severity at the time of admission in the PICU. Results: From a total of 375 patients, 169 (45%) presented AKI at the time of admission and 206 patients (55%) developed AKI at some point during the hospitalization in the ICU. The median PIM2 among the non-AKI patients was 9% vs. 16% (p=0.006) among the AKI patients. The mortality of patients classified as pRIFLE F was twice than the expected by PIM2 (7 versus 3.2). Patients classified as severe AKI (pRIFLE I or F) presented higher mortality (14.1%; p=0.001) and longer length of stay in the PICU (median of 7 days; p=0.001) compared to the rest of the patients. Conclusion: AKI is very frequent among patients admitted to ICUs and the severer the AKI, according to the criteria of disease severity assessed by pRIFLE, higher are the has shown to be a good predictor of morbidity and the mortality in this population. The PIM2 tends to underestimate the mortality in patients with severe AKI.