Novos materiais sólidos para separação de CO2 : líquidos iônicos suportados em sílica mesoporosa e microcápsulas de polímero acrílico

Abstract

The increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions is one of the major problems faced by society during the last decades. CO2 is the main responsible for global warming and its atmospheric concentration has steadily increased since the pre industrial age. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is considered an important strategy to mitigate CO2 emissions and decrease global warning. Pre combustion, oxyfuel combustion and post-combustion are three major capture approaches in CCS. Chemical absorption using aqueous amine solutions is the most mature process in post-combustion. However, there are several drawbacks in using aqueous amines solutions such as equipment corrosion, amine degradation and high energy consumption during solvent regeneration. Supported ionic liquids and encapsulated ionic liquids are promising materials to CO2 capture. The utilization of these materials can avoid well known problems of using aqueous amine solutions, increasing CO2 kinetics and sorption capacity when compared to ILs. In this work, IL grafted in commercial mesoporous silica and encapsulated IL were synthesized and CO2 sorption capacity and selectivity of these materials were evaluated. The obtained materials will be characterized by TGA, DSC, BET, NMR, TEM, FTIR, MEV and decay pressure cell. The better CO2 selectivity capture results were obtained for the materials produced with low supported or encapsulated ionic liquid amounts. CO2 sorption and CO2/N2 selectivity of synthesized adsorbents were superior when compared to the starting materials without ILs.