Avaliação do uso de ácido bórico no preenchimento de alvéolos dentários após exodontias

Abstract

Boric acid (BA) displays anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, acting on the immune response and participating in osteogenesis. It is often administered orally or locally in clinical and pre-clinical studies. The removal of upper incisors from rats is an excellent experimental model for alveoli studies, such as bone repair and pathological conditions investigations. This thesis unites three scientific manuscripts. The first describes and illustrates, using a recorded video, the dental extraction technique, and the possible use of these alveoli in Wistar rats. The second manuscript is a pre-clinical investigation of the effect of BA in alveolitis. The local application of BA (0.75%) aimed to investigate the antibacterial action of this substance and its participation in the alveolar bone repair through microCT and histological analyses. The study was conducted in Wistar male rats submitted to an upper right incisor extraction and divided into two treatment groups: with or without the BA local application. During follow-up, the antibacterial effect of BA was evaluated throughout 14 days, and bone repair was analyzed in 14 and 28 days of the experiment. The third manuscript analyzes bone healing in Wistar rats submitted to dental extraction and filling of the socket with BA, bone graft, and an association of BA + bone graft in 28 days post-intervention. With the micro-CT and descriptive histology analyses, it was able to describe the bone healing of a dental socket when exposed to this boronderived compound. At the first manuscript, it was possible to confirm the feasibility of this experimental model for bone repair and alveolitis studies. Regarding the second manuscript, BA demonstrated an antibacterial effect on total aerobic and facultative bacteria but failed to benefit bone remodeling in the evaluated time points. And, the third manuscript failed to verify significant differences in alveolar bone healing when using pure BA or in association with bone graft; regardless of the suggested inflammatory process in the groups exposed to the substance.