Fatores associados à polipose nasossinusal em pacientes com fibrose cística

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: to evaluate clinical and genetic factors associated with the presence of nasal polyposis (NP) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Methods: this is a cross-sectional, retrospective study. The study population included children and adults with confirmed CF diagnosis, submitted to routine genotypic, clinical and otorhinolaryngological (ENT) evaluation. Data were collected from the medical record containing the evaluations performed as part of the follow-up of these patients. Results: Fifty-three patients were included in the present study, with a mean age of 12.6 ± 7.2 years. Forty-nine patients (92.5%) were Caucasians and most patients (71,7%) presented mutations classes I and II. The most prevalent genetic mutation was F508del (71.7% had at least one F508del allele and 50% were F508del homozygous). NP were identified in 26.4% of patients (n=14). The age of patients with NP was significantly higher compared to patients without polyps (19.3 ± 5.1 and 10.2 ± 6.2 years, respectively; p <0.001). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) colonization was also higher in NP patients compared to those without polyposis (respectively, n = 3, 60% and n = 2, 9.5%; p = 0.034). The severity of the mutation (classes I and II) was identified as an independent factor associated with the presence of NP in CF patients through multivariate analysis (OR 9.12, 95% CI 1.423 - 58.48; p = 0.020). Conclusion: Higher age and the severity of mutations (classes I and II) were independent factors associated with the risk for the presence of NP in CF patients. Chronic PA infection was more frequent in NP patients; however, this was a factor associated with age and could not be considered an independent factor.