Comparação entre dois instrumentos epidemiológicos de avaliação da qualidade da dieta em longevos

Abstract

Studies have shown the relationship between diet quality and longevity. However, few instruments were developed for epidemiological evaluation of diet quality, and even fewer used those in people with more advanced ages. The Brazilian National Health Survey (BNHS), conducted by the IBGE in partnership with the Ministry of Health (MH) in 2013, used an eating habits questionnaire applied by interviewers, not necessarily health professionals. On the other hand, the Healthy Eating Guide Questionnaire (HEGQ) created by the MH in 2005, proved to be appropriate for the evaluation of diet quality in the oldest-old (80 years and older), but applied by nutritionists. The objective of this research is to compare the evaluation questionnaire results of the eating habits used by BNHS with the results of the HEGQ in oldest-old subjects, and in this study people with 90 years or more. The two questionnaires were applied to the oldest-old in his or her home, the questionnaire of BNHS by a professional not necessarily nutritionist and the HEGQ by a nutritionist. We observed that the overall PNS score presented a significant relationship (p <0.001) with a correlation coefficient of 26% with the overall score of the QGAS, when applied by a multiprofessional team. The overall PNS score had a higher correlation coefficient (34%) with the overall score of the QGAS when applied by a nutritionist. We conclude that the questionnaire of the eating habits of the PNS can be used in the evaluation of the quality of the diet in longevity, being more predictive when applied by nutritionist professionals.