Avaliação da influência do uso de próteses totais superiores ao dormir na qualidade e distúrbios do sono, bruxismo, disfunções temporomandibulares e dor orofacial

Abstract

The use of complete dentures during sleep is still under debate. The use is indicated or not quite empirically, based only on controlling stomatitis caused by fungal infections. The objective was to evaluate the impact of maxillary edentulism and consequent use of complete dentures during sleep in the quality of life, sleep quality, sleep bruxism, temporomandibular dysfunction, level of sleepiness and apnea index in patients. For this, 20 patients from the researcher’s private practice were selected, 90% women and 10% men, average age of 61 years. The subjects must have complete upper dentures and fixed lower implant-supported dentures made in a standardized way. Patients were submitted to anamnesis, and validated questionnaires of sleep quality (PSQI-BR / The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index BR; SAQ / Sleep Assessment Questionnaire), sleepiness (ESS-BR / Epworth Sleepiness Scale BR, bruxism (QABN / Questionnaire nocturnal bruxism evaluation) and temporomandibular disorders (RDC / TMD axis I / Research Diagnostic Criteria for temporomandibular Disorders). The sleep bruxism was also measured with the validated myographic device BiteStrip. After sleeping one night with cardiorespiratory portable type 3 monitor ApneaLink® (ResMed, Australia) using the upper denture at home, a washout period of at least 7 days was respected and all questionnaires were repeated. Then, the patient slept again with the portable monitor and without the upper denture. The RDC / TMD axis I detected 95% of absence of muscle disorders in both tests. There was no significant difference in the SAQ global score between before and after according to the Wilcoxon signed rank test (2tail). PSQI-BR and ESS-BR also showed no significant differences between the two tests, except for the component number 5 of the PSQI-BR. Regarding sleep bruxism, the QABN and the myographic device BiteStrip also showed no significant differences between measurements with and without the use of dentures. Regarding cardiorespiratory monitoring in any of the indexes there was no significant difference between the before and after moments. The indexes measured were respiratory disturbance index (RDI), baseline oxygen saturation (%), average (%) and minimum (%), and oxygen saturation time < 90%, oxygen saturation percentage < 90% and the Oxygen desaturation index (ODI). It was noticed in RDI a difference in absolute numbers that could translate into statistically significant results if the sample were larger. Finally, no significant differences were recorded between before and after, neither in the questionnaires nor in the myographic device and the cardiorespiratory monitoring. Thus, further studies are needed in order to establish a more exact relationship between the use of complete dentures and their influence on sleep quality, sleepiness, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and sleep bruxism.