Avaliação da massa óssea e sua relação com a síndrome metabólica no envelhecimento indígena

Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has a wide range depending on the population and the diagnostic criteria used. MS is characterized by alterations in glucose metabolism, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Regarding bone mass, the higher the peak reached by the individual, the greater your reservation calcium for the period of aging and lower your susceptibility to fractures. This study aimed to describe bone mass and assess its relationship with the metabolic syndrome and vitamin D levels in indigenous middle-aged and elderly in rural areas of southern Brazil. This is a cohort study, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical. Participated in the study, 73 Indians aged 40 or older in the municipality of Nonoai, RS, Brazil. The prevalence of MS was estimated by applying the diagnostic criteria recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III. Biochemical tests were performed to determine the levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, blood glucose and TGL and vitamin D. Were also obtained anthropometric data and dietary data through a questionnaire frequency of food intake. The evaluation of bone densitometry was performed by the regions of the spine and femur. The prevalence of MS was 56 (76.7%) being more prevalent in females. Regarding bone mass observed that the major changes were located in Column 46 (63%). With respect to the femur bone, only 19% of subjects analyzed had abnormal. With respect to serum levels of vitamin D found that 49 (67.1%) were altered When the criteria for SM were compared with changes in bone mass was not significant, however HDL values were related to reductions in the levels of Vitamin D. Regarding food frequency, there was an association between bone mass, SM and serum vitamin D in thier adding salt to food. We observed a significant relationship between intake of fatty foods and meat with SM and altered levels of vitamin D. It is believed that the health education of individuals with bone changes associated with MS is the best way to control this problem, since it promotes its suitability for Indian culture and motivation to change habits in order to improve quality of life.