A relação eu/outro na interação entre uma criança com deficiência e familiares: perspectiva dialógica

Abstract

This study´s main objective is to analyze the self/other relation on the interaction between a child with disabilities and family members (mother and sister) and investigate (i) helping or not the potential child's language in interaction scenes with family members, as well as (ii) discursive subject images of the child constructed by family members discourse. The relation between children speech and his family members speech was taken into consideration based on the dialogical theory assumptions from Bakhtin Circle, complemented by considerations of the disabled person history and the speech therapy containing specific clinical features of early childhood. The analyzed material was collected during the period of four months and includes monthly recorded shootings of interactions between a child and the responsible relative (mother and sister) occurred in a toy room at CADEP (health unit from Fundação de Articulação e Desenvolvimento de Políticas Públicas para Pessoas Portadoras de Deficiência e Pessoas Portadoras de Altas Habilidades no Rio Grande do Sul - FADERS). The research used a qualitative methodology for the analysis of three selected meetings, which was organized into two stages: scenes in which the adult speech over the child is observed and scenes in which there are interactions in which the familiar speech is addressed to the child. In each of the two moments, the research was supported by two main instances of analysis: interplay of voices in the discourse and responsiveness of the utterance. The study of the self/other relation in the dialogues between the family and the child provided an opportunity to investigate how social representations of disabled people, reflected and refracted in the speech of adults, appear in the clinical language manifestation of the selected child. As a result, it was observed that there was an interaction of voices in the family discourse whose evaluative tones are ranging from child speech abnormality to singularity, while the treated child fights to ensure his discursive place. It was also verified that the image of the receiver child is constructed in response to different points of view over the disabled person. These findings confirm the plural composition of the object of study, taken from a perspective that values the singular character of language in use.