As contribuições do pensamento complexo à psicologia social e aos pequenos grupos

Abstract

This dissertation consists of two articles that seek to understand the contributions of Complex Thinking and small groups (microsocieties) to the construction of knowledge in Social Psychology. The first article, "The Development of Complex Thinking and its Contributions to the Construction of Knowledge in Social Psychology" aimed to understand the development of Complex Thinking and its consequent contributions to the construction of knowledge in Social Psychology. The second one, "The Contributions of Complex Thinking for Social Psychology and the Understanding of Small Groups: an Integrative Review" aimed to understand what contributions of Complex Thinking are present in the articles on small groups searched in different databases. In the first article we discussed, based on authors of Philosophy and Complexity, how the idea of complexity arose in the scientific scenario aiming to understand what contributions from other disciplines were important in the development of Complex Thinking and what contributions may be used in Social Psychology. From concepts such as non-linearity, non-causality and non-objectivity we propose a rethinking about Social Psychology. In the second article, from an integrative review of the articles searched in different databases, we propose to understand the contributions of Complex Thinking to Social Psychology and to the understanding of small groups (microsocieties) through the seven guiding principles proposed by Morin. Complex Thinking allows, at the same time, to conceive emergency levels of reality without reducing it to basic units and general laws. In this way, the understanding of small group is not an easy task, since it is seen as a complex system of units in relationship in which the sum of the parts can be bigger or smaller than the whole and in which emerging phenomena are possible.