Influência dos aspectos psicossociais nos distúrbios temporomandibulares em adolescentes do ensino público de Caxias do Sul – RS

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of psychosocial aspects in temporomandibular disorders in adolescents from public education in Caxias do Sul, through a cross - sectional population - based study. Methods: The RDC / DTM questionnaire, the Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire, the questionnaire for bruxism and questionnaire based on ABEP were used to evaluate pain, depression and somatization, sleep, the presence of bruxism, and obtaining epidemiological data. The population sample consisted of 587 people who were regularly enrolled in secondary schools in Caxias do Sul. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 with the Mann-Whitney test used for comparison between groups (P <0.05). Results: The sample consisted of predominantly women (55.7%), 17 years old (37.8%) and higher number of singles (93.5%). The majority of ethnic Caucasian (63.4%) and the head of the family with their higher education in the complete high school / incomplete higher degree (31.7%). Chronic Pain Classification (GDC) showed that the majority presented no pain (74.3%) or low pain intensity (17.9%) without limitation of daily activities due to pain (Grade 0 and I); however, 6.1% of the participants had high pain intensity but no limitation of daily activities (Grade II) and 1.7% had severe and moderate limitation of daily activities due to pain (Grades III and IV). A low overall score of Bruxism 19.1%, a mean score of 29.5% of sleep problems and DTM 25,7%, and a high score of depression and somatization was found 49.7%. A positive correlation with these psychosocial variables (depression and somatization), Sleep and Pain Characteristic Intensity (DCI) was found. Conclusion: The public high school population of Caxias do Sul has a high prevalence of depression and sleep problems, a smaller prevalence of TMD and bruxism when compared to the adult population, and these factors should be analyzed in future public health policies.