Design de novos materiais poliméricos para captura de CO2

Abstract

The development of low-cost materials with intelligent design to be used in CO2 separation from flue gases is one of the main research focuses in this field. Absorption using amines solutions as solvents have been extensively studied and used in industry for decades. However, solvent degradation, equipment corrosion, and the high regeneration energy penalty are the main problems in this process. Poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) or supported amines has been pointed as promising materials for CO2 capture. PILs combine the useful features of ionic liquid (IL), such as affinity for CO2, thermal and chemical stability and adjustable properties, allied to the intrinsic polymer properties. Adsorption using amine supported in solid sorbents offers advantages such as easy handling, thermal stability, elimination of corrosion processes, low regeneration energy, lower operating costs and fast kinetics. In this work, synthetic based (polyurethane) as well natural based (cellulose from rice husk) poly(ionic liquids) were synthesized. Aiming to compare amines and polyetheramines, both were also supported in cellulose extracted from rice husk. The obtained materials were characterized by FTIR, NMR, XDR, TGA, DSC, GPC, AFM, MEV-FEG and PTGA or decay pressure cell in order to evaluate their structure, thermal stability, morphology and sorption capacity. Computational simulation was also performed in order to investigate the interaction of CO2 with functional groups present in the synthesized materials. Among all synthesized materials cellulosic PLIs CL-TBA e [CelEt3N][PF6] and PU-imide based PIL HPIL-02-TBA presented higher CO2 affinity allied to good thermal stability and reusability.